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codon    
密码子; 码字

密码子; 码字

codon
n 1: a specific sequence of three adjacent nucleotides on a
strand of DNA or RNA that specifies the genetic code
information for synthesizing a particular amino acid

Codon \Co"don\ (k[=o]"d[o^]n), n. (Molecular biology)
a sequence of three nucleotides in a genome or a DNA or
messenger RNA molecule, which specifies the incorporation of
one amino acid or is a stop signal, during the biosynthesis
of proteins. Codons occur within the protein-coding segments
of the DNA or RNA genome of living organisms. The amino acid
sequence of proteins synthesized on ribosomes is thus
determined by the sequence of the nucleotides in the genome.
[PJC]

Note: Outside of coding regions, there is no direct
correspondence of the nucleotide sequence with protein
sequence, and certain signalling functions of nucleic
acids are not specified by three-nucleotide codons.
Certain types of polypeptide synthesized in living
organisms are not synthesized on ribosomes, and the
sequences of these polypeptides do not have a
corresponding nucleotide sequence in the genome.
[PJC]


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  • Codon | Definition, Function, Examples | Britannica
    codon, in genetics, any of 64 different sequences of three adjacent nucleotides in DNA that either encodes information for the production of a specific amino acid or serves as a stop signal to terminate translation (protein synthesis)
  • DNA and RNA codon tables - Wikipedia
    This suggests that early ribosomes read the second codon position most carefully, to control hydrophobicity patterns in protein sequences The first table—the standard table—can be used to translate nucleotide triplets into the corresponding amino acid or appropriate signal if it is a start or stop codon
  • Codon - National Human Genome Research Institute
    A codon is a DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides (a trinucleotide) that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a particular amino acid or signaling the termination of protein synthesis (stop signals)
  • Codon Chart: Table, Amino Acids RNA Wheel Explained
    Explore the codon chart, tables, amino acids, and RNA wheel Learn how to read and interpret codons for protein synthesis and genetic coding
  • Codon - Definition and Examples - Biology Online Dictionary
    Because the collection of codons on mRNA forms the genetic code, a codon is the smallest unit of genetic code In simple terms, each codon actually encrypts a specific amino acid It may also code for a signal to stop or start the process of protein synthesis in a cell See Figure 1
  • Reading a Codon Chart and Identifying Amino Acids
    A codon chart is a visual representation that maps each of the 64 codons to their corresponding amino acids or signals There are two common versions of codon charts, or codon tables
  • What is a Codon? Unlocking the Genetic Language of Life
    At the very core of this biological language lies the concept of the codon —a small, three-letter word written in the alphabet of nucleotides Although each codon is made of just three simple molecules, these tiny combinations are the keys to building the proteins that sustain life
  • Codon Chart - Codon Table, mRNA Codon Chart, Amino Acids RNA Wheel . . .
    A codon chart is described as a key that translates three-nucleotide groups into amino acids, and it is presented usually as a table or circle A codon is formed by three bases (triplet), and it is represented on the chart as combinations like AUG, GCU, UGA, etc
  • Codons | Biology for Majors I - Lumen Learning
    These nucleotide triplets are called codons The insertion of one or two nucleotides completely changed the triplet reading frame, thereby altering the message for every subsequent amino acid (Figure 1)





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