declination
n . 下倾,倾斜,衰微
下倾,倾斜,衰微
declination n 1 :
a condition inferior to an earlier condition ;
a gradual falling off from a better state [
synonym : {
decline },
{
declination }] [
ant : {
improvement }, {
melioration }]
2 :
a downward slope or bend [
synonym : {
descent }, {
declivity },
{
fall }, {
decline }, {
declination }, {
declension }, {
downslope }]
[
ant : {
acclivity }, {
ascent }, {
climb }, {
raise }, {
rise },
{
upgrade }]
3 : (
astronomy )
the angular distance of a celestial body north or to the south of the celestial equator ;
expressed in degrees ;
used with right ascension to specify positions on the celestial sphere [
synonym : {
declination }, {
celestial latitude },
{
dec }]
4 :
a polite refusal of an invitation [
synonym : {
declination },
{
regrets }]
Refraction \
Re *
frac "
tion \ (
r ?*
fr ?
k "
sh ?
n ),
n . [
F .
r ['
e ]
fraction .]
1 .
The act of refracting ,
or the state of being refracted .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The change in the direction of ray of light ,
heat ,
or the like ,
when it enters obliquely a medium of a different density from that through which it has previously moved .
[
1913 Webster ]
Refraction out of the rarer medium into the denser ,
is made towards the perpendicular . --
Sir I .
Newton .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 . (
Astron .)
(
a )
The change in the direction of a ray of light ,
and ,
consequently ,
in the apparent position of a heavenly body from which it emanates ,
arising from its passage through the earth '
s atmosphere ; --
hence distinguished as atmospheric refraction ,
or astronomical refraction .
(
b )
The correction which is to be deducted from the apparent altitude of a heavenly body on account of atmospheric refraction ,
in order to obtain the true altitude .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Angle of refraction } (
Opt .),
the angle which a refracted ray makes with the perpendicular to the surface separating the two media traversed by the ray .
{
Conical refraction } (
Opt .),
the refraction of a ray of light into an infinite number of rays ,
forming a hollow cone .
This occurs when a ray of light is passed through crystals of some substances ,
under certain circumstances .
Conical refraction is of two kinds ;
external conical refraction ,
in which the ray issues from the crystal in the form of a cone ,
the vertex of which is at the point of emergence ;
and internal conical refraction ,
in which the ray is changed into the form of a cone on entering the crystal ,
from which it issues in the form of a hollow cylinder .
This singular phenomenon was first discovered by Sir W .
R .
Hamilton by mathematical reasoning alone ,
unaided by experiment .
{
Differential refraction } (
Astron .),
the change of the apparent place of one object relative to a second object near it ,
due to refraction ;
also ,
the correction required to be made to the observed relative places of the two bodies .
{
Double refraction } (
Opt .),
the refraction of light in two directions ,
which produces two distinct images .
The power of double refraction is possessed by all crystals except those of the isometric system .
A uniaxial crystal is said to be optically positive (
like quartz ),
or optically negative (
like calcite ),
or to have positive ,
or negative ,
double refraction ,
according as the optic axis is the axis of least or greatest elasticity for light ;
a biaxial crystal is similarly designated when the same relation holds for the acute bisectrix .
{
Index of refraction }.
See under {
Index }.
{
Refraction circle } (
Opt .),
an instrument provided with a graduated circle for the measurement of refraction .
{
Refraction of latitude }, {
longitude }, {
declination }, {
right ascension },
etc .,
the change in the apparent latitude ,
longitude ,
etc .,
of a heavenly body ,
due to the effect of atmospheric refraction .
{
Terrestrial refraction },
the change in the apparent altitude of a distant point on or near the earth '
s surface ,
as the top of a mountain ,
arising from the passage of light from it to the eye through atmospheric strata of varying density .
[
1913 Webster ]
Declination \
Dec `
li *
na "
tion \,
n . [
L .
declinatio a bending aside ,
an avoiding :
cf .
F .
d ['
e ]
clination a decadence .
See {
Declension }.]
1 .
The act or state of bending downward ;
inclination ;
as ,
declination of the head .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The act or state of falling off or declining from excellence or perfection ;
deterioration ;
decay ;
decline .
"
The declination of monarchy ." --
Bacon .
[
1913 Webster ]
Summer . . .
is not looked on as a time Of declination or decay . --
Waller .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
The act of deviating or turning aside ;
oblique motion ;
obliquity ;
withdrawal .
[
1913 Webster ]
The declination of atoms in their descent .
--
Bentley .
[
1913 Webster ]
Every declination and violation of the rules .
--
South .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
The act or state of declining or refusing ;
withdrawal ;
refusal ;
averseness .
[
1913 Webster ]
The queen '
s declination from marriage . --
Stow .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 . (
Astron .)
The angular distance of any object from the celestial equator ,
either northward or southward .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 . (
Dialing )
The arc of the horizon ,
contained between the vertical plane and the prime vertical circle ,
if reckoned from the east or west ,
or between the meridian and the plane ,
reckoned from the north or south .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 . (
Gram .)
The act of inflecting a word ;
declension .
See {
Decline },
v .
t .,
4 .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Angle of declination },
the angle made by a descending line ,
or plane ,
with a horizontal plane .
{
Circle of declination },
a circle parallel to the celestial equator .
{
Declination compass } (
Physics ),
a compass arranged for finding the declination of the magnetic needle .
{
Declination of the compass }
or {
Declination of the needle },
the horizontal angle which the magnetic needle makes with the true north -
and -
south line .
[
1913 Webster ]
212 Moby Thesaurus words for "
declination ":
Cartesian coordinates ,
aberrancy ,
aberration ,
abjuration ,
abjurement ,
abnegation ,
abscissa ,
altitude ,
azimuth ,
bend ,
bias ,
branching off ,
cascade ,
cataract ,
chucking ,
chucking out ,
chute ,
circuitousness ,
collapse ,
comedown ,
contempt ,
contradiction ,
coordinates ,
corner ,
crash ,
crook ,
crosswiseness ,
curve ,
cylindrical coordinates ,
debacle ,
debasement ,
decadence ,
decadency ,
declension ,
declinature ,
decline ,
declining ,
deflection ,
deflexure ,
defluxion ,
deformation ,
degeneracy ,
degenerateness ,
degeneration ,
degradation ,
demotion ,
denial ,
departure ,
depravation ,
depravedness ,
depreciation ,
deprivation ,
derogation ,
descending ,
descension ,
descent ,
despisal ,
despising ,
deterioration ,
detour ,
deviance ,
deviancy ,
deviation ,
deviousness ,
devolution ,
diagonality ,
digression ,
disagreement ,
disallowance ,
disapproval ,
discard ,
disclaimer ,
disclamation ,
discounting ,
discursion ,
dismissal ,
disobedience ,
disownment ,
disregard ,
dissent ,
divagation ,
divarication ,
divergence ,
diversion ,
dogleg ,
double ,
down ,
downbend ,
downcome ,
downcurve ,
downfall ,
downflow ,
downgrade ,
downpour ,
downrush ,
downtrend ,
downturn ,
downward mobility ,
downward trend ,
drift ,
drifting ,
drop ,
dropping ,
dying ,
ebb ,
ebbing ,
effeteness ,
equator coordinates ,
errantry ,
exception ,
exclusion ,
excursion ,
excursus ,
exorbitation ,
fading ,
failing ,
failure ,
failure of nerve ,
fall ,
falling ,
falling -
off ,
gravitation ,
hairpin ,
holding back ,
ignoring ,
inclination ,
indirection ,
indirectness ,
involution ,
lapse ,
latitude ,
longitude ,
loss of tone ,
nay ,
negation ,
negative ,
negative answer ,
nix ,
no ,
nonacceptance ,
nonapproval ,
noncompliance ,
nonconformity ,
nonconsent ,
nonconsideration ,
nonobservance ,
obliqueness ,
obliquity ,
ordinate ,
passing by ,
pererration ,
plummeting ,
polar coordinates ,
pounce ,
putting away ,
putting out ,
rambling ,
rapids ,
rebuff ,
recantation ,
refusal ,
regression ,
rejection ,
renouncement ,
repudiation ,
repulse ,
retention ,
retrocession ,
retrogradation ,
retrogression ,
right ascension ,
scouting ,
sheer ,
shift ,
shifting ,
shifting course ,
shifting path ,
skew ,
skewness ,
slant ,
slippage ,
slump ,
spurning ,
squint ,
stoop ,
straying ,
sweep ,
swerve ,
swerving ,
swinging ,
swoop ,
tack ,
throwing out ,
thumbs -
down ,
transverseness ,
turn ,
turndown ,
turning ,
turning out ,
twist ,
unwillingness ,
vagary ,
variation ,
veer ,
wandering ,
wane ,
waning ,
warp ,
waterfall ,
withholding ,
yaw ,
zigzag
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