assumpsit
n . 损害赔偿之诉,约定,允诺
损害赔偿之诉,约定,允诺
Assumpsit \
As *
sump "
sit \ (?;
215 ),
n . [
L .,
he undertook ,
pret .
of L .
assumere .
See {
Assume }.] (
Law )
(
a )
A promise or undertaking ,
founded on a consideration .
This promise may be oral or in writing not under seal .
It may be express or implied .
(
b )
An action to recover damages for a breach or nonperformance of a contract or promise ,
express or implied ,
oral or in writing not under seal .
Common or indebitatus assumpsit is brought for the most part on an implied promise .
Special assumpsit is founded on an express promise or undertaking . --
Wharton .
[
1913 Webster ]
ASSUMPSIT ,
contracts .
An undertaking either express or implied ,
to perform a parol agreement .
1 Lilly '
s Reg .
132 .
2 .
An express assumpsit is where one undertakes verbally or in writing ,
not under seal ,
or by matter of record ,
to perform an act ,
or to pa a sum of money to another .
3 .
An implied assumpsit is where one has not made any formal promise to do an act or to pay a sum of money to another ,
but who is presumed from his conduct to have assumed to do what is in point of law just and right ;
for ,
1st ,
it is to be presumed that no one desires to enrich himself at the expense of another ;
2d ,
it is a rule that he who desires the antecedent ,
must abide by the consequent ;
as ,
if I receive a loaf of bread or a newspaper daily sent to my house without orders ,
and I use it without objection ,
I am presumed to have accepted the terms upon which the person sending it had in contemplation ,
that I should pay a fair price for it ;
3d ,
it is also a rule that every one is presumed to assent to what is useful to him .
See Assent
ASSUMPSIT ,
remedies ,
practice .,
A form of action which may be defined to be an action for the recovery of damages for the non -
performance of ,
a parol or simple contract ;
or ,
in other words ,
a contract not under seal ,
nor of record ;
circumstances which distinguish this remedy from others .
7 T .
R .
351 ;
3 Johns .
Cas .
60 .
This action differs from the action of debt ;
for ,
in legal consideration ,
that is for the recovery of a debt eo nomine ,
and in numero ,
and may be upon a deed as well as upon any other contract .
1 h .
Bl .
554 ;
B .
N .
P .
167 .
If differs from covenant ,
which ,
though brought for the recovery of damages ,
can only be supported upon a contract under seal .
See Covenant .
2 .
It will be proper to consider this subject with reference ,
1 ,
to the contract upon which this action may be sustained ;
2 ,
the declaration 3 ,
the plea ;
4 ,
the judgment .
3 .-
1 .
Assumpsit lies to recover damages for the breach of all parol or simple contracts ,
whether written or not written express or implied ;
for the payment of money ,
or for the performance or omission of any other act .
For example ,
to recover ,
money lent ,
paid ,
or had and received ,
to the use of the plaintiff ;
and in some cases ,
where money has been received by the defendant ,
in consequence of some tortious act to the plaintiff '
s property ,
the plaintiff may waive the tort ,
and sue the defendant in assumpsit .
5 Pick .
285 ;
1 J .
J .
Marsh .
543 3 Watts ,
R .
277 ;
4 Binn .
374 ;
3 Dana ,
R .
552 ;
1 N .
H .
Rep .
151 ;
12 Pick .
120 4 Call .
R .
461 ;
4 Pick .
452 .
It is the proper remedy for work and .
labor done ,
and services rendered 1 Gill ,
95 ;
8 S . &
M .
397 2 Gilman ,
1 3 Yeates ,
250 9 Ala .
788 but such work ,
labor ,
or services ,
must be rendered at the request ,
express or implied ,
of the defendant ;
2 Rep .
Cons .
Ct .
848 ;
1 M '
Cord ,
22 ;
20 John .
28 11 Mass .
37 ;
14 Mass .
176 ;
5 Monr .
513 1 Murph .
181 ;
for goods sold and delivered ;
6 J .
J .
Marsh .
441 ;
12 Pick .
120 ;
3 N .
H .
Rep .
384 ;
1 Mis .
430 ;
for a breach of promise of marriage .
3 Mass .
73 2 Overton ,
233 2 P .
S .
R .
80 .
Assumpsit lies to recover the purchase money for land sold ;
14 Johns .
R .
210 ;
14 Johns .
R .
162 ;
20 Johns .
R .
838 3 M '
Cord ,
R .
421 ;
and it lies ,
specially ,
upon wagers ;
2 Chit .
Pl .
114 ;
feigned issues ;
2 Chit .
Pl .
116 ;
upon foreign judgments ;
8 Mass .
273 ;
Dougl .
1 ;
3 East ,
221 ;
11 East ,
124 ;
3 T .
R .
493 ;
5 Johns .
R .
132 .
But it will not lie on a judgment obtained in a sister state .
1 Bibb ,
361 19 Johns .
162 ;
3 Fairf .
94 ;
2 Rawle ,
431 .
Assumpsit is the proper remedy upon an account stated .
Bac .
Ab .
Assumpsit ,
A .
It will lie for a corporation ,
2 Lev .
252 ;
1 Camp .
466 .
In England it does not lie against a corporation ,
unless by express authority of some legislative act ;
1 Chit .
Pl .
98 ;
but in this country it lies against a corporation aggregate ,
on an express or implied promise ,
in the same manner as against an individual .
7 Cranch ,
297 9 Pet .
541 ;
3 S . &
R .
117 4 S . &
R .
16 12 Johns .
231 ;
14 Johns .
118 ;
2 Bay ,
109 1 Chipm .
371 ,
456 ;
1 Aik .
180 10 Mass ,
397 .
But see 3 Marsh .
1 ;
3 Dall .
496 .
4 .-
2 .
The declaration must invariably disclose the consideration of the contract ,
the contract itself ,
and the breach of it ;
Bac .
Ab .
h .
t .
F 5 Mass .
98 ;
but in a declaration on a negotiable instrument under the statute of Anne ,
it is not requisite to ,
allege any consideration ;
2 Leigh ,
R .
198 ;
and on a note expressed to have been given for value received ,
it is not necessary to aver a special consideration .
7 Johns .
321 .
See Mass .
97 .
The gist of this action is the promise ,
and it must be averred .
2 Wash .
187 2 N .
H .
Rep .
289 Hardin ,
225 .
Damages should be laid in a sufficient amount to cover the real amount of the claim .
See 4 Pick .
497 ;
2 Rep .
Const .
Ct .
339 ;
4 Munf .
95 ;
5 Munf .
23 ;
2 N .
H .
Rep .
289 ;
1 Breese ,
286 ;
1 Hall ,
201 ;
4 Johns .
280 ;
11 S . &
R .
27 ;
5 S . &
R .
519 6 Conn .
176 ;
9 Conn .
508 ;
1 N . &
M .
342 ;
6 Cowen ,
151 ;
2 Bibb ,
429 ;
3 Caines ,
286 .
5 .-
3 .
The usual plea is non -
assumpsit , (
q .
v .)
under which the defendant may give in evidence most matters of defence .
Com .
Dig .
Pleader ,
2 G 1 .
When there are several defendants they cannot plead the general issue severally ;
6 Mass .
444 ;
nor the same plea in bar ,
severally .
13 Mass .
152 .
The plea of not guilty ,
in an action of assumpsit ,
is cured by verdict .
8 S .
&
R .
541 ;
4 Call .
451 .
See 1 Marsh ,
602 ;
17 Mass .
623 .
2 Greenl .
362 ;
Minor ,
254 Bouv .
Inst .
Index ,
h .
t .
6 .-
4 .
Judgment .
Vide Judgment in Assumpsit .
Vide Bac .
Ab .
h .
t .;
Com .
Dig .
Action upon the Case upon Assumpsit ;
Dane '
s Ab .
Index ,
h .
t .;
Viner '
s Ab .
h .
t .;
1 Chit .
Pi .
h .
t .;
Petersd .
h .
t .;
Lawes Pl .
in Assumpsit the various Digests ,
h .
t .
Actions ;
Covenant ;
Debt ;
Indebitatus assumpsit ;
Padum Constitutiae pecuniae .
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