affinity 音标拼音: [əf'ɪnəti] [əf'ɪnɪti]
n . 吸引力,共鸣;亲密关系,相似之处
吸引力,共鸣;亲密关系,相似之处
affinity 相似
affinity 相似
affinity n 1 : (
immunology )
the attraction between an antigen and an antibody 2 : (
anthropology )
kinship by marriage or adoption ;
not a blood relationship [
ant : {
blood kinship }, {
cognation },
{
consanguinity }]
3 : (
biology )
state of relationship between organisms or groups of organisms resulting in resemblance in structure or structural parts ; "
in anatomical structure prehistoric man shows close affinity with modern humans " [
synonym : {
affinity },
{
phylogenetic relation }]
4 :
a close connection marked by community of interests or similarity in nature or character ; "
found a natural affinity with the immigrants "; "
felt a deep kinship with the other students "; "
anthropology '
s kinship with the humanities " [
synonym :
{
affinity }, {
kinship }]
5 :
the force attracting atoms to each other and binding them together in a molecule ; "
basic dyes have an affinity for wool and silk " [
synonym : {
affinity }, {
chemical attraction }]
6 :
inherent resemblance between persons or things 7 :
a natural attraction or feeling of kinship ; "
an affinity for politics "; "
the mysterious affinity between them "; "
James '
s affinity with Sam "
Affinity \
Af *
fin "
i *
ty \,
n .;
pl . {
Affinities }. [
OF .
afinit ['
e ],
F .
affinit ['
e ],
L .
affinites ,
fr .
affinis .
See {
Affined }.]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 .
Relationship by marriage (
as between a husband and his wife '
s blood relations ,
or between a wife and her husband '
s blood relations ); --
in contradistinction to consanguinity ,
or relationship by blood ; --
followed by with ,
to ,
or between .
[
1913 Webster ]
Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh . --
1 Kings iii .
1 .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Kinship generally ;
close agreement ;
relation ;
conformity ;
resemblance ;
connection ;
as ,
the affinity of sounds ,
of colors ,
or of languages .
[
1913 Webster ]
There is a close affinity between imposture and credulity . --
Sir G .
C .
Lewis .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
Companionship ;
acquaintance . [
Obs .]
[
1913 Webster ]
About forty years past ,
I began a happy affinity with William Cranmer . --
Burton .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 . (
Chem .)
That attraction which takes place ,
at an insensible distance ,
between the heterogeneous particles of bodies ,
and unites them to form chemical compounds ;
chemism ;
chemical or elective affinity or attraction .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 . (
Nat .
Hist .)
A relation between species or higher groups dependent on resemblance in the whole plan of structure ,
and indicating community of origin .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 . (
Spiritualism )
A superior spiritual relationship or attraction held to exist sometimes between persons ,
esp .
persons of the opposite sex ;
also ,
the man or woman who exerts such psychical or spiritual attraction .
[
1913 Webster ]
Attraction \
At *
trac "
tion \,
n . [
L .
attractio :
cf .
F .
attraction .]
1 . (
Physics )
An invisible power in a body by which it draws anything to itself ;
the power in nature acting mutually between bodies or ultimate particles ,
tending to draw them together ,
or to produce their cohesion or combination ,
and conversely resisting separation .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Attraction is exerted at both sensible and insensible distances ,
and is variously denominated according to its qualities or phenomena .
Under attraction at sensible distances ,
there are , -- (
1 .)
{
Attraction of gravitation },
which acts at all distances throughout the universe ,
with a force proportional directly to the product of the masses of the bodies and inversely to the square of their distances apart . (
2 .)
{
Magnetic }, {
diamagnetic },
and {
electrical attraction },
each of which is limited in its sensible range and is polar in its action ,
a property dependent on the quality or condition of matter ,
and not on its quantity .
Under attraction at insensible distances ,
there are , -- (
1 .)
{
Adhesive attraction },
attraction between surfaces of sensible extent ,
or by the medium of an intervening substance . (
2 .)
{
Cohesive attraction },
attraction between ultimate particles ,
whether like or unlike ,
and causing simply an aggregation or a union of those particles ,
as in the absorption of gases by charcoal ,
or of oxygen by spongy platinum ,
or the process of solidification or crystallization .
The power in adhesive attraction is strictly the same as that of cohesion . (
3 .)
{
Capillary attraction },
attraction causing a liquid to rise ,
in capillary tubes or interstices ,
above its level outside ,
as in very small glass tubes ,
or a sponge ,
or any porous substance ,
when one end is inserted in the liquid .
It is a special case of cohesive attraction . (
4 .)
{
Chemical attraction },
or {
affinity },
that peculiar force which causes elementary atoms ,
or groups of atoms ,
to unite to form molecules .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
The act or property of attracting ;
the effect of the power or operation of attraction . --
Newton .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
The power or act of alluring ,
drawing to ,
inviting ,
or engaging ;
an attractive quality ;
as ,
the attraction of beauty or eloquence .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
That which attracts ;
an attractive object or feature .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
Allurement ;
enticement ;
charm .
[
1913 Webster ]
212 Moby Thesaurus words for "
affinity ":
a thing for ,
accord ,
accordance ,
addition ,
adduction ,
adjunct ,
affairs ,
affiliation ,
agape ,
agreement ,
alikeness ,
alliance ,
allurement ,
amity ,
analogy ,
approximation ,
aptitude ,
aptness ,
assemblage ,
assent ,
association ,
attractance ,
attraction ,
attractiveness ,
attractivity ,
bag ,
bent ,
bias ,
bond ,
bonds of harmony ,
brotherly love ,
capillarity ,
capillary attraction ,
caritas ,
cast ,
cement of friendship ,
centripetal force ,
charity ,
chorus ,
chosen kind ,
chumminess ,
closeness ,
coherence ,
coincidence ,
combination ,
communion ,
community ,
community of interests ,
comparison ,
compatibility ,
conatus ,
concert ,
concord ,
concordance ,
conduciveness ,
conformance ,
conformation ,
conformity ,
congeneracy ,
congeniality ,
congruence ,
congruency ,
congruity ,
connateness ,
connaturality ,
connaturalness ,
connature ,
connectedness ,
connection ,
consistency ,
consonance ,
consort ,
contiguity ,
contrariety ,
cooperation ,
correspondence ,
cup of tea ,
dealings ,
deduction ,
delight ,
diathesis ,
disjunction ,
disposition ,
drag ,
draw ,
druthers ,
eagerness ,
empathy ,
equivalence ,
esprit ,
esprit de corps ,
familiarity ,
family connection ,
family favor ,
family likeness ,
fancy ,
fascination ,
favor ,
feeling for ,
feeling of identity ,
fellow feeling ,
fellowship ,
filiation ,
fondness ,
frictionlessness ,
friendliness ,
generic resemblance ,
good vibes ,
good vibrations ,
gravitation ,
gravity ,
happy family ,
harmony ,
homology ,
identity ,
inclination ,
inseparableness ,
intercourse ,
intersection ,
intimacy ,
intimate acquaintance ,
junction ,
kinship ,
leaning ,
liability ,
liaison ,
like -
mindedness ,
liking ,
link ,
linkage ,
linking ,
love ,
magnetism ,
marital affinity ,
marriage connection ,
marriage relationship ,
mateyness ,
mutual affinity ,
mutual attraction ,
mutuality ,
nearness ,
oneness ,
overlap ,
palliness ,
parallelism ,
partiality ,
particular choice ,
peace ,
penchant ,
personal choice ,
predilection ,
predisposition ,
preference ,
prejudice ,
prepossession ,
probability ,
proclivity ,
proneness ,
propensity ,
propinquity ,
proximity ,
pull ,
pulling power ,
rapport ,
rapprochement ,
readiness ,
reciprocity ,
relatedness ,
relation ,
relations ,
relationship ,
resemblance ,
self -
consistency ,
semblance ,
sensitivity to ,
sharing ,
similarity ,
simile ,
similitude ,
soft spot ,
solidarity ,
special affinity ,
style ,
susceptibility ,
symmetry ,
sympathy ,
symphony ,
sync ,
synchronism ,
tally ,
taste ,
team spirit ,
tendency ,
thing ,
tie ,
tie -
in ,
timing ,
traction ,
tropism ,
tug ,
turn ,
twist ,
type ,
understanding ,
uniformity ,
union ,
unison ,
unisonance ,
unity ,
warp ,
weakness ,
willingness Affinity relationship by alliance (
2 Chr .
18 :
1 )
or by marriage (
1 Kings 3 :
1 ).
Marriages are prohibited within certain degrees of affinity ,
enumerated Lev .
18 :
6 -
17 .
Consanguinity is relationship by blood .
AFFINITY .
A connexion formed by marriage ,
which places the husband in the same degree of nominal propinquity to the relations of the wife ,
as that in which she herself stands towards them ,
and gives to the wife the same reciprocal connexion with the relations of the husband .
It is used in contradistinction to consanguinity . (
q .
v .)
It is no real kindred .
2 .
Affinity or alliance is very different from kindred .
Kindred are relations .
by blood ;
affinity is the tie which exists between one of the spouses with the kindred of the other ;
thus ,
the relations ,
of my wife ,
her brothers ,
her sisters ,
her uncles ,
are allied to me by affinity ,
and my brothers ,
sisters , &
c .,
are allied in the same way to my wife .
But my brother and the sister of my wife are not allied by the ties of affinity :
This will appear by the following paradigms My wife '
s father ---|
| |
| |
-----------------| |
| | |--
are all allied to me .
Ego -----
My Wife My wife '
s sister ---|
| |
My wife '
s niece ---|
My wife '
s father ---|
My Father | | |
My brother | | | |
and my wife '
s | | | |
sister are |---------------| |----------| |
not allied | | | | |
to each other My brother Ego ----
My wife ,
My wife '
s sister |
3 .
A person cannot ,
by legal succession ,
receive an inheritance from a relation by affinity ;
neither does it extend to the nearest relations of husband and wife ,
so as to create a mutual relation between them .
The degrees of affinity are computed in the same way as those of consanguinity .
See Pothier ,
Traite du Mariage ,
part 3 ,
ch .
3 ,
art .
2 ,
and see 5 M .
R .
296 ;
Inst .
1 ,
10 ,
6 ;
Dig .
38 ,
10 ,
4 ,
3 ;
1 Phillim .
R .
210 ;
S .
C .
1 Eng .
Eccl .
R .
72 ;
article Marriage .
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